In March 2012 Environmental Health Perspectives reported on a study conducted at the National Institutes of Health in North Carolina, USA. It was found women from 14 to 47 years of age who had been exposed to tobacco smoke while in the womb had a 32 percent higher risk of suffering diabetes during pregnancy than women whose mothers did not smoke.
It was also concluded exposure to tobacco smoke in utero was associated with the development of obesity and hypertension in adult women.
Air pollution has long been linked with the development of Type 2 diabetes in adults, so it should be no surprise to see a similar association between air pollution and Gestational diabetes. Both these forms of diabetes are caused by resistance to insulin. Researchers recently looked at air pollution before, and in the early stages of pregnancy, to learn when the actual exposure could be causing problems. Tobacco smoke is another form of air pollution, albeit one people create for recreational purposes..
In a study reported on in the journal Environmental Research in January 2015, scientists at the National Institutes of Health in Rockville, Maryland, USA and the Texas A&M University in College Station, USA, compared medical records of 219,952 mothers. From this number it was found a total of 11,334 mothers had received a diagnosis of Gestational diabetes.
Records of air pollution were used to estimate the amount of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone for the regions in which the mothers lived. It was found that exposure to sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides during the first three months of pregnancy was associated with a slightly increased risk of developing Gestational diabetes. Being exposed to ozone before pregnancy was associated with an elevated risk of the condition later in pregnancy.
From the above results it was concluded more investigation is needed to clarify what influence air pollution could have upon the development of diabetes in pregnant women.
In April 2014, the journal Environmental Health Perspectives reported the results of a study on air pollution and sugar tolerance during pregnancy. Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital in Boston, USA, found women who lived closest to major roads with high-density traffic were more than twice as likely to have sugar intolerance than women not exposed to high levels of air pollution.
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More research will elucidate the effects of air pollution on Gestational diabetes. In the mean time, lowering exposure when possible is good for everyone's health.
Although managing your disease can be very challenging, Type 2 diabetes is not a condition you must just live with. You can make simple changes to your daily routine and lower both your weight and your blood sugar levels. Hang in there, the longer you do it, the easier it gets.
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