The National Anthem of Bangladesh

Lyrics: Rabindranath Tagore, 1905
Music: Rabindranath Tagore, 1905
Adopted: 1972

আমার সোনার বাংলা

আমার সোনার বাংলা, আমি তোমায় ভালবাসি।
চিরদিন তোমার আকাশ, তোমার বাতাস,
ও মা, আমার প্রাণে বাজায় বাঁশি।।
ও মা, ফাগুনে তোর আমের বনে ঘ্রাণে পাগল করে,
মরি হায়, হায় রে—
ও মা, অঘ্রাণে তোর ভরা ক্ষেতে, আমি কি দেখেছি মধুর হাসি।।
কী শোভা, কী ছায়া গো, কী স্নেহ, কী মায়া গো—
কী আঁচল বিছায়েছ বটের মূলে, নদীর কূলে কূলে।
মা, তোর মুখের বাণী আমার কানে লাগে সুধার মতো
মরি হায়, হায় রে—
মা, তো বদনখানি মলিন হলে,
ও মা, আমি নয়ন জলে ভাসি।।

Amar Sonar Bangla

Amar sonar Bangla,
Ami tomae bhalobashi.
Chirodin tomar akash,
Tomar batash,
Amar prane bajae bãshi.
O ma,
Phagune tor amer bone
Ghrane pagol kôre,
Mori hae, hae re,
O ma,
Ôghrane tor bhôra khete
Ami ki dekhechhi modhur hashi.
Ki shobha, ki chhaea go,
Ki sneho, ki maea go,
Ki ãchol bichhaeechho
Bôţer mule,
Nodir kule kule!
Ma, tor mukher bani
Amar kane lage,
Shudhar môto,
Mori hae, hae re,
Ma, tor bôdonkhani molin hole,
Ami nôeon jôle bhashi.

My beloved Bengal

My Bengal of Gold,
I love you.
Forever your skies,
Your air set my heart in tune
As if it were a flute.
In spring, O mother mine,
The fragrance from your mango groves
Makes me wild with joy,
Ah, what a thrill!
In autumn, O mother mine,
In the full blossomed paddy fields
I have seen spread all over sweet smiles.
Ah, what beauty, what shades,
What an affection, and what tenderness!
What a quilt have you spread
At the feet of banyan trees
And along the banks of rivers!
O mother mine, words from your lips
Are like nectar to my ears.
Ah, what a thrill!
If sadness, O mother mine,
Casts a gloom on your face,
My eyes are filled with tears!

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♣ কবিগুরু রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর রচিত একটি বিখ্যাত কবিতা(১৯০৫)’র এই প্রথম ১০ লাইন স্বাধীন বাংলাদেশের জাতীয় সংগীত হিসেবে পরিচিতি পায়। এই গানটির এমন একটি সুর বহুল প্রচলিত ছিল, যা স্বরবিতান সম্মত নয়। জাতীয় সংগীত হিসেবে গানটিকে গ্রহণকালে সেই প্রচলিত রূপটিই মনোনীত হয়েছে।

♣ Amar Shonar Bangla (My Golden Bengal) (Bengali:আমার সোনার বাংলা) is a 1905 song written and composed by the Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore from undivided India, the first ten lines of which were adopted in 1972 as the Bangladesh national anthem. It is of interest that another poem by Rabindranath Tagore (Jana Gana Mana) is the national anthem of India making him the only person to have penned national anthems of two nations.

♣ The word sonar literally means 'made of gold', but in the song sonar Bangla may be interpreted to either express the preciousness of Bengal or a reference to the colour of paddy fields before harvest.

♣ The song was written in 1905 during the period of Bongobhanga (Bôngobhôngo - 1905 Partition of Bengal) - when the ruling British empire had the province of Bengal (of undivided India) split into two parts; the decision on the Partition of Bengal was announced on 19 July 1905 by then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon. The partition took effect on 16 October 1905. This divide of Bengal was along communal lines -- East Bengal had a majority of Muslims, while West Bengal had a majority of Hindus. This partition is claimed to have undermined India's national movement against British imperialism, and is said to have been politically motivated. This song, along with a host of others, was written by Tagore, a pioneer of the cultural and political movement against this partition. These songs were meant to rekindle the unified spirit of Bengal, to raise public consciousness against the communal, political divide.

♣ The lyrics first appeared in the September issues of "Bongodorshon" and "Baul" simultaneously, in 1905. The song along with the musical notation (referred to as swaralipi in Bengali), first appeared in the periodical musical journal Shongeet Biggnan Probeshika in the same month and year. Indira Devi, Tagore's niece, Satyendranath Tagore's daughter, jotted down the musical notation hearing it from Tagore himself (this was the common norm, Tagore singing the song, and someone formally jotting down the musical notations). It is said that the music of this song was inspired by the Baul singer Gagan Harkara's song "Ami Kothay Pabo Tare". (Bengali:কোথায় পাবো তারে)

♣ The first 10 lines of this song constitute the national anthem of Bangladesh. It was adopted in 1972 after the independence of Bangladesh. The English translation was done by Syed Ali Ahsan.

♣ The song is controversial as the national anthem of Bangladesh as it was written supporting to postponed the partition of Bengal in 1905 (Bôngobhôngo - 1905 Partition of Bengal), which is against the creation of East Bengal, later became Bangladesh. Moreover, in the song the word "Bangla" denotes all Bengal, including West Bengal, India which is not a part of Bangladesh, also makes it controversial. In Bangladesh the solution to this problem is been referring to re-write the line "Amar Sonar Bangla" to "Amar Sonar Bangladesh".

♣ ১৯৭১ সালে মুক্তিযুদ্ধোত্তর পরিচিতি পাওয়ার পর আমাদের জাতীয় সঙ্গীত ১৩ জানুয়ারি, ১৯৭২ সালে জাতীয় সংসদ কর্তৃক স্বীকৃতি পায়।

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